位育中学2018学年第一学期初三英语阶段训练一
Part 2 Phonetics, Grammar and Vocabulary
（第二部分语音、语法和词语）
Ⅱ．Choose the best answer（选择最适合的答案）：（共16分）
26.we always say “please”- whenever we ask someone to do things. Which of the following is correct form underlined word in the sentence?
A./pl a./plei;z／ C./pli:s／ D/pli:z/
分析：D. please的音标是/pli:z/
27.Nowadays all of you can choose online courses and study by_.
A yours B yourself C your D yourselves
分析：D.剖析句子可知，此句译为“目前，所有人都可以自己选择互联网课程并且学习。”by yourself 自己，自助
28.The actor who acted in the TV series became famous in his _ .
A thirties B thirtieth C the thirtieth D thirty
分析：A.译为“这个男演员在他30岁时出演电视连续剧出名了”形容某人30岁应用in one’s thirtieth.
29.During the summer holiday, some students only wanted to rest at home,__were busy with their study.
A other B the others C others D the other
分析：C.others与some 相对，译为“一些，另外一些”
30.Look,there is ____sheep eating grass at the foot of the hill.
A little B a few C few D a little
分析:D.sheep 是一个单复数同形的单词,而本句的谓语动词是is,显然这个sheep是单数,不是复数,所以排除A和C,由于a few,few 都是修饰可数名词复数的；另外a little,little 修饰不可数名词,前者表示有一点儿,后者表示几乎没,但sheep是可数名词,所以这里不可以选little,而a little中的little 还有形容词 小的意思,表示可爱的小,后面可以修饰可数名词,即a little sheep 一只小绵羊.如He is a little boy.他是一个小孩子.
31. ___Tom____my brother likes playing table tennis.They are good at sports.
A Neither ,nor B Not only,but also C Either,or D Both,and
分析：B."不止是汤姆，我的哥哥也喜欢玩乒乓球。他们非常善于运动。"
32. Some people think online shopping makes their life____than before.
A more easy B the easiest C easier D easiest
分析:C.空后than是最高级的标志。空内应为形容词的比较级。故选C
33. The Eiffel Tower and the Arc de Triomphe are ___ people all over the world.
A famous for B familiar with C pleased with D familiar to
分析:D.A以……而闻名，B熟知，通晓C高兴D熟知的，为某人所熟悉。由原句剖析，应选D.埃菲尔铁塔和凯旋门为世界上的大家所熟悉。
34. The boy didn’t feel like studying on Sunday and he suggested____the day at the beach with his cousin.
A to spend B spend C spending D would spending
分析.suggest doing 建议做某事。
35. We ____stay in the cinema for over two hours yesterday because of the heavy rain.
A should B could C ought to D had to
分析:D.依据题意剖析，原句为"因为大雨大家昨天不能不在影院待两个小时。"故选D
36 .Don't forget ____ the lights when you're out.
A to tum on B to tum off C turning on D turning off
分析:B.turn on 打开，turn off 关闭。另外，forget to do sth.忘记去做某事。这里强调未发生，故应选B
37.____exciting new report it is that the Asian Games 2022wiIl be held in Hangzhou
A How B What C What a D What an
分析:D.感叹句形。What +（a/an）+adj.+n+主语+谓语+（it is）
38. My father didn't give up smoking ___ the doctor told him to do so.
A but B when C until D afte
分析:C. 固定搭配，not...until 意为直到...才。直到大夫告诉父亲要戒烟他才戒掉。
39 Mr. White doesn’t work____ Mr Johnson. He is always careless with his work.
A as carefully as B so carefully then C so careful as D more carefully as
分析:A.as...as译为"和...一样"。因为空前是work为动词，故as之间要用副词，故选A.
40.Could you tell us____?
A where is the cinema B what’s your name
C the location of the supermarket D how I could get there
分析:C.此句为省略that 的宾语从句。译为“你可以告诉我超市的地方吗”
41.- You look sad. Betty. What's the matter with you?
-______
A I've got the first prize B I'm sorry to hear that
C I can't attend the summer camp. D I don't quite agree with you
分析:C.由第一句话可知，第二句肯定是叫人不快乐的事，要把具体事情表达出来，故选C
III Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the the box Each can be used only once.（将下列单词或词组填入空格，每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）（8分）
A among B silent C in fact D quite E living
Everybody knows that electricity is very important to us.And it helps us a lot in our daily life. Without electricity we cannot use lamp,TV computer or other things. Then it will be not very convenient for us. Our world may be in the dark. But_42_,the electricity isn’t much. So we all should save the energy. For example, when we leave rooms, we should turn off the lamp. When we not use the computer we should turn it off. All of our people should save the energy. It is electricity that plays a important role and stands out _43_these achievements. And we should be greatful to the scientists who had found the way to produce electricity.We use electricity in various ways.
The modem age is an age of electricity. People are so used to electric lights, radio,
televisions,and telephones that it is hard to imagine what life would be like without them. When there is a power failure, people grope about in flickering candle light, cars hesitate in the streets and food spoils in_44_ refrigerators because there are no traffic lights to guide them.
Yet, people to understand how electricity worked only a little more than two centuries ago.Nature has clearly been experimenting in this field for million of years. Scientists are discovering more and more that the _45_world may hold many interesting secrets of electricity that could benefit humanity.
分析：
C.翻译句子可知，此句应为“但事实上，电能并不多。”故选C
A.stands out among these achievements.译为“在这类收获中崭露头角”
B.整句话可翻译为“当停电时，大家在闪烁的烛光中探索，汽车在街上犹豫，由于没交通灯引导他们，食物在无声的冰箱里变质”故选B
E.此空后为名词，由此可知，空应为形容词。修饰世界应用living,活生生的，生机勃勃的。
A much too B any longer C too much D more E worse
Water is essential and important to living things. For instance,if there is no enough water in a human body, a person may feel uncomfortable or get sick easily. To make matters _ 46_,one may die of thirst. Similarly, plants may die for lack of water. It is clear that all living things need water to keep alive.
Water is all around us. Water is in the ocean. Water is in the lakes and rivers. Water is in the air.There is_47_water than land on the earth. All things must have water to live.The plants must have it. The animals must have it We must have it too. We cannot live without water. Sometimes,we do not have all the water we need. The land will dry up without water.Sometimes, there can be__48__water in the land. If it rains very, very hard,the rain water will run down the hills. It takes some of the land with it when it runs down the hills. It is called erosion when the water takes the land away.
As we know ,with the rapid development of agriculture and industry,more and more
water is needed. Therefore, water is becoming scarce in many places. What's more, a lot of rivers and lakes are beginning to be polluted by the waste water from factories. Fish cant live in them_49_. At the same time, the waste water does great harm to people's health.
In order to make rivers and lakes clean and prevent water from being polluted,we must do something to sTOP all sorts of pollution.
分析：
46.E.由上句可知，For instance,if there is no enough water in a human body, a person may feel uncomfortable or get sick easily.假如人体缺水，人会感到不舒服或者会生病。而46空后为，one may die of thirst. 人或许会渴死。故此处为更进一步，也就是更坏的状况。
47.D.固定搭配。More... than “比...多”这里译为“地球上，水比陆地多。”
48.C.too much “太多”后接不可数名词。从后文可知，雨下的大会致使有不少的水
49.B.由上文可知，What's more, a lot of rivers and lakes are beginning to be polluted by the waste water from factories. 很多的河流和湖泊被工厂的污水污染。故鱼不再可以在这类水里生活。故选B
IV Complete the Sentences with the given words in their proper forms.（用括号中所给单词的适合形式完成下列句子）：（8分）
They took many ___when they travelled in A7nliang during the summer holiday.
分析：photos.空前为many 修饰可数名词复数形式。故为photos
You'd better give me a good___ for your being late school again.
分析：explanation.a good 修饰名词，译为“一个好的......”。故此处为explanation.
52 Does your monitor has a new idea for making rail travel more ___ .
分析：attractive. Make sth. more+adj. 译为“让...变得更...”故此处应为形容词性。
53.Now the Beijing-HongKong High Speed Rail ___people to travel from Beijing to
Hongkong is about 9 hours .
分析：enables. 剖析句子可知，该句子缺谓语动词。故为enable，又由于主语为第三人称，应为三单形式。
If you don't like the products, feel free to make a ___to the manager.
分析：complaint.空前为冠词 a, 故空上应为名词。Complaint 是complain 的名词形式。
To tell you ___I finished my summer holiday exercises only yesterday .
分析：truly. 剖析可知，该空修饰tell。故应为副词形式。
___,the small ship didn't come back safely after a big storm.
分析：Unluckily. 由后句剖析可知，是个非常不幸的事情。故应为unluckily,“不幸地”。
57.To our great ___ , Chinese men's basketball team won the men's basketball championship in the Jakarta Asian Games.
分析：joy.固定搭配。To one’s enjoyment “让某人开心的是...”
V. Rewrite the following sentences as required（共14分）
58. They had different ideas at the class meeting last Friday.（改为一般疑问句）
____ they___different ideas at the class meeting last Friday?
分析：Did,have. 此处一定句变一般疑问句，借用助动词，而且为一般过去时。
59.Jack’s uncle wi1lcome back from America in few days.（对划线部分提问）
____ ____will Jack’s uncle come back from America?
分析：How soon. In few days .应用how soon来提问。译为“多长时间之后”
60.I am not good at playing badminton. My friend Tom isn't either.（合并为一句）
____ my friend Tom___I am good at playing badminton.
分析：Neither,nor依据题意可知，表达的意思是“两者都不”，应填“neither，nor”
61.Do trees communicate with one another? He wondered.（改为宾语从句）
He wondered ___trees___ with one another.
分析：whether, communicated问句改为宾语从句由whether引导，原句为过去时，故此处用communicated
Kitty was too frightened to say a word when she saw the big fire.
Kitty was___frightened___she couldn’t say a word when she saw the big fire.
分析：so...that. 此处so...that =too...to译为“这样，以至于”
63.People hardly replace any of trees when they cut down and burn millions every year.
People hardly replace any of trees when they cut down and burn millions every year__ ___?
分析：do they.考查反义疑问句。注意“前肯后否，前否后肯”原则。此处hardly 为否定意义的词，故后面应为一定。
64. popular,is, the,famous,city, Paris,called, the most,destination, one of, tourist,in the world.
_____________________________________________________________________.
分析：The famous city called Paris is one of the most popular tourist destination in the world.著名城市巴黎是世界上最有名的旅游胜地之一。
Part3 Reading and Writing
VI. Reading comprehension
A. Choose the best answer
Nearly everyone is shy in some ways. shy people are over-concerned with their own appearance and actions. Worrisome thoughts often swirl in their minds: what kind of impression am i making? do they like me? do i sound stupid? if shyness is making you uncomfortable, it may be time for a few lessons in self-confidence. shyness can be overcome with determined and patient efforts.
Are you shy? If you are, you are not alone. In fact, close to 50 percent of people are shy. Almost 80 percent of people feel shy at some point in their lives. These days, shyness is becoming more and more common. Now, scientists are trying to understand shyness. They have some interesting ideas about why people are shy.
Is it possible to be born shy? Many scientists say yes. They say 15 to 20 percent of babies behave shyly. These babies are a little quieter and more watchful than other babies. Interestingly,these shy babies usually have shy parents. As a result, scientists think that some shyness is genetic.Family size might cause people to be shy as well. Scientists at Harvard University studied shy children. They found that 66 percent of them had older brothers and sisters. As a result, they became shy. At the same time, children with no brothers and sisters may be shy as well. Growing upalone, they often play by themselves. They are not able to learn the same social skills as children from big families.
You may also be shy because of where you were born. When scientists studied shyness in different countries. They found surprising differences. In Japan, most people said they were shy. But in Israel, only one of three people said so. What explains the difference? One scientist says the Japanese and Israelis have different opinions of failure. In Japan, when people do not succeed, they feel bad about themselves. They blame themselves for their failure. In Israel, the opposite is true. Israelis often blame failure on outside reasons, such as family, teachers, friends, or bad luck. In Israel, freedom of opinion and risk taking are strongly supported. This may be why Israelis worry less about failure and are less shy.
For shy people, it can be difficult to make friends, speak in class, and even get a good job. But scientists say you can get over your shyness. They suggest trying new things and practicing conversation. And don’t forget---if you are shy, you are not the only one.
65. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Happiness. B. Shyness.
C. Kindness. D. loneliness.
66. What does the underlined word “genetic”in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Passed down from parents. B. Learned from friends.
C. Taught by teachers. D. Made up by brothers.
67. What can be learned from the passage?
A. Most little babies are born shy and quiet.
B. If you are shy now, you will be shy forever.
C. Many shy children have older brothers and sisters.
D. Most Israeli people are shy of expressing opinions.
68.We can learn from the passage that _______ may cause shyness.
A. genetics, grown--ups and birthplace
B. genetics, family size and birthplace
C. family size, grown--ups and failure
D. genetics, family size and freedom
69.The following facts are causes of shyness EXCERT___
A.family size B.the place you were born
C.be born shy D.dream for job
70.Scientists suggest that shy people can get over their shyness by______.
A. blaming their failure on outside reasons
B. trying new things and practicing conversation
C. getting themselves away from their shy parents
D. trying to understand reasons for their shyness
65.B中心理解题。文章第一话就问道“你害臊吗？若是，那你不是一个人”接着文章介绍了可能致使害臊的三个缘由，最后说害臊虽然有不少害处，但是可以改变的。所以本文主要讲的是害臊。故选B。
66.A细节理解题。前文说到Interestingly. these, shy babies. usually have, shy parent.- As result 有趣的是，这类害臊的婴儿一般有害臊的爸爸妈妈，由此判断“genetie"意为从爸爸妈妈传下来的基因。故选A
67.C细节理解题。文章第三段中提到They found. that 66 percent of, them had older brothers and.sisters.害臊的孩子中百分之六十六有哥哥或者姐姐。文章中说有的孩子生下来会害臊和安静，但不是大多数，排除A；害臊什么可以改变的，排除B；以色列人表达看法更自由更大胆，而不是更害臊，排除D；故选C。
68.B大意概括题。文章的二三四段，分别介绍了可能致使害臊的三个缘由。分别是：基因、家庭人数和出生地，故选B。
69.D细节理解题。文章三四段提到致使害臊是什么原因，有出生地，基因和家庭规模。故选D
70.B细节理解题。文章最后一段说到They suggest trying new things and practicing conversation.他们建议尝试新事物，训练交流，如此可以改变害臊的性格特点。
When Rebecca was a middle school student she was often bullied（欺凌）.At that time she didn’t want to tell others. However she now thinks people who are bullied should talk about their __71__.Rebecca says that many people who are bullie
d suffer in silence. She says that although she __72__heard a lot about bullying
when she was in primary school she never thought it would happen to her.
Rebecca told us that the bullying began when she went to middle school. People started making fun of her for being a __73__student and knowing all the answers.She went on to say that every time she answered a question correctly in class everyone would start shouting and saying that she was too__74__for them.
She told us that by the end of the year she was very worried about the bullying and became ill. She began to hate school. But __75__ she had a friend who could talk to and they told their head teacher about her problem. She believes that talking to the teacher helped her a lot. They found ways to deal with the problem and the bullying finally sTOPped.Her__76__is don’t see yourself as the problem. Nobody should be bullied. But if you don’t tell anyone what is going on nobody will know that you need help.
71. A. experiences B. jokes C. hobbies D. studies
72. A. seldom B. always C. never D. suddenly
73. A. bad B. happy C. silent D. good
74. A. clever B. slow C. noisy D. proud
75. A. usually B. interestingly C. luckily D. strangely
76. A. problem B. agreement C. condition D. advice
分析71. A experience“历程”。从文章句意可以推断出来。
72. B 从although...表达尽管她在小学时常常听到关于欺负的事情，但她觉得事情不会发生在她身上。
73. D 考查上下文。从后文knowing all the answers可以推断是一个好学生。
74. A 考查上下文。意思为：对于其他同学来讲，Rebecca太聪明了。
75. C 考查上下文。前文说她开始不想上学，后文but转折，可以推断出来是非常幸运。
76. D 前文是寻求老师帮助，所以此处应该为建议，故选advice。C选项condition为“条件”，B选项为“认可，赞同；协议”。
C.Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words showed the m_78_of the sun they were able to determine midday.
about 3500 years ago, the Egypt made a sundial. It was smaller than the sun clock and could measure the time for half a day. On c_79_days or night it was impossible to tell time with a sun clock or a sundial.
Water clocks were the first clocks not to use the sun. The idea is simple. Water flows from one container to another.When the water reaches a certain level and this shows the hours .The Egyptians used water clocks about 3,400 years ago. These clocks were popular in the Middle East and China but they f_80_ to keep accurate time.
In the 13th century, the mechanical clock was invented. This was more accurate, but was e_81_ to make. Over the next few centuries the design was developed. For example, springs were added around 1500. This improved accuracy and allowed clocks to be smaller.
In 1927, the first quartz clock was developed. Clocks became cheaper to build and own.People began d_82_on them more and more to run business,markets and so on.More recently, in 1956, came the digital clock. And nowadays satellites send our cell phones the time to the exact second.There has been a lot of progress in timekeeping but some things never c_83_. Many of us still have trouble getting out of bed on time and not missing appointments.
分析:77.However.由上句“A clock,a watch or a cell phone can help us.”和下句many years ago there were no clocks and knowing the time was not so easy.可知，中间的连词应为转折。
movement.原句译为“他的影子可以显示太阳的运动。”
cloudy.由后面 it was impossible to tell time with a sun clock or a sundial。可知，应为多云。
failed.由本句but 可知为转折，推理可得是“不可以推理出精准的时间”
expensive.原句译为“它更精准，但造价非常高”
depending.固定搭配。Depend on “依靠，依赖”
Change.依据前一句“在计时上已经有了非常大进步，但”可知，后句为转折，可知这里应为“一些事情是没变的。”
D. Answer the questions
Sleep plays an important role in good health and well-being throughout your life,.Getting quality sleep m the right times can help protect your mentai health, physical bealth, quality
World Sleep Day，organized by the Would Sleep Day Committee of the Would Association of Sleep Medicine since 2008，is held on March 21 every year.The aim of World Sleep Day is to celebrate the benefits of good and healthy sleep. Events involving discussions，presentations of educational materials and exhibitions take place around the world and online.
Sleep quality plays a key role in people’s health. Researchers say that there are a lot of advantages if we always get enough sleep. We can be smarter，thinner，healthier and more cheerful. Also we’re to have better skin，better memories and longer lives. When you lose even one hour of sleep for any reason，it will influence your performance the next day.
In general，adults are thought to need at least eight hours of sleep a night，but a recent survey found that，on workdays，only 21% of them really get a full eight hours of sleep，and another 21% get less than six. For teenagers，a healthy amount is about eight to nine hours per night. However，about 80% of high school students don’t get enough sleep because of their schoolwork or some bad habits.
27% of people throughout the world have sleep problems. Now there are over 80 kinds of sleep disorders，and most people know little about their danger. So，for our good life and work，it’s necessary for us to realize the importance of sleep and try to have a good sleep.
1. How long has World Sleep Day been celebrated so far？
2.What is the purpose of World Sleep Day？
3. What will happen if we sleep one hour less than we should？
4.Why don’t most high school students have enough sleep？
What suggestion will you make about our better sleep？（请自拟一句话作答）
1.依据World Sleep Day, organized by the Would Sleep Day Committee of the Would.
Association of Sleeg Medicine since 2008, is held on March 21 every year.可知世界睡眠日成立于2008年3月21日，所以到目前为止到今天有6年的历史了，故用For six years.
2.依据The aim World Sleep Day, is to celebrate the benefits of good and healthy sleep可知世界睡眠白的目的是 庆祝好的健康的睡眠的益处，故用To celebrate the benefits of good and healthy sleep.
3.依据When you lose even one hour of sleep for any reason , it will inf luence your
performance the next day.可知你因为某种原影躍了=7一一个小时，就会干扰第二天的你的表现。故用It will influence our performance the next day.
4. 依据about 80% of high school students don’t get enough sleep because of their
schoolwork or some bad habits.可知80%的学生没足够的睡眠由于有太多的家庭作业或一 些坏的习惯。故用Because of their schoolwork and some bad habits.
5. 依据短文的内容可知大家应该好的睡眠习惯和足够的睡眠时间。故用We should have good sleep habits and enough sleep time.
VII.write at least 60 words on the TOPic “The most unforgettable thing during my summer holiday.”（共8分）
1.What was the most unforgettable thing during the summer holiday?
2.What was your feeling and what did you learn from it?
